近15 a来三门湾海域氮、磷营养盐分布与富营养化状况的变化分析     

施晓来 《海洋学研究》2013,31(4):63-67

以1997年8月中旬和2011年10月中旬对三门湾附近海域开展的海域水质现状调查为依据,分析了近15 a间该海域水体环境氮、磷营养盐的分布现状及变化特征。结果表明:近15 a来,三门湾海域的无机氮和活性磷酸盐含量均成倍增长,水体营养程度由轻度富营养化逐步上升为重度富营养化;从营养结构来看,活性磷酸盐仍为限制性富营养化因子;大量的海水养殖是导致该海域营养盐大幅提高的直接原因。因此,为控制三门湾的富营养化现象进一步加剧,建议适度控制海水养殖规模,调整海水养殖结构,加强对三门湾沿岸排污控制,以获得养殖经济效益和生态环境效益的协调、可持续发展。  相似文献   

Spatio-temporal distribution of net-collected phytoplankton community and its response to marine exploitation in Xiangshan Bay     

江志兵  朱旭宇  高瑜  陈全震  曾江宁  朱根海 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2013,31(4):762-773

To explore the spatial-temporal distribution of the phytoplankton community and evaluate the combined effects of marine resource exploitation, net-collected phytoplankton and physical-chemical parameters were investigated in the Xiangshan Bay during the four seasons of 2010. A total of eight phyla, 97 genera, and 310 species were found, including 232 diatom species, 45 dinoflagellate species and 33 other taxa. The phytoplankton abundances presented a significant (P<0.001) seasonal difference with the average of 60.66×10⁴ cells/m³. Diatoms (mainly consisting of Coscinodiscus jonesianus, Cerataulina pelagica, Skeleto n ema costatum, and genus Chaetoceros) dominated the phytoplankton assemblage in all seasons. We found great spatio-temporal variation in community composition based on the multidimensional scaling and similarity analysis. Canonical correspondence analysis show that temperature, nutrition, illumination, and salinity were the main variables associated with microalgal assemblage. Compared with the previous studies, an increase in phytoplankton abundance and change in the dominant species coincided with increased exploitation activities in this bay (e.g. operation of coastal power plants, intensive mariculture, tidal flat reclamation, and industrial and agricultural development). The present findings suggest that the government should exercise caution when deciding upon developmental patterns in the sea-related economy.  相似文献   

水利工程对岩溶水体碳循环的影响     

李强 《中国岩溶》2013,32(3):253-257

为认识水利工程建设对岩溶库区温室气体排放的影响,本文对岩溶区水利工程破坏岩溶水体DIC的稳定性、增加温室气体排放以及水利工程建设所带来的水体富营养化问题进行了初步总结。结果表明,水利工程不仅打破了岩溶水体DIC的自身稳定性,加速水体无机CO2逸出过程,导致CaCO3发生沉淀,而且还通过改变岩溶水动力条件、加速温室气体排放等途径来提高岩溶水体的碳储存、转移、形成与分解过程。与此同时作者还建议:(1)尽快开展岩溶水体温室气体排放的定性分析与定量计算工作,并与不同排放源的温室气体释放效应进行对比;(2)温室气体排放的估算须建立在岩溶碳循环研究基础上,从时间和空间尺度上分析影响岩溶水体温室气体排放过程的关键因素,并把岩溶水体温室气体排放纳入整个岩溶生态系统的生命周期中进行考虑。   相似文献   

乐清湾水环境特征及富营养化成因分析   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

高生泉  卢勇  曾江宁  姚龙奎  高大伟 《海洋通报》2005,24(6):25-32

根据2002-2003年乐清湾海域春、夏、秋、冬4个航次的调查资料,分析了乐清湾海域水化学要素在不同季节的分布和变化特征,探讨了陆源污水、海水养殖自身污染与富营养化的关系.结果表明,乐清湾水域DIN和DIP浓度全年平均分别为0.630mg/dm^3和0.039mg/dm^3秋、冬季几乎100%测站属劣四类水质,春、夏季近90%超过四类水质标准.水体营养状态指数（E）值各季平均在4～9,呈严重富营养化状态.研究指出沿岸工农业废水、生活污水的排放及水产养殖业的无序、无度发展是造成该水域严重富营养化的三个主要原因.认为目前乐清湾水质已不能满足该海域功能区划提出的要求,必须进行综合整治.  相似文献   

三峡水库重庆段一级支流回水河段富营养化潜势研究   总被引：21，自引：0，他引：21  

刘永明  贾绍凤  蒋良维  张士锋 《地理研究》2003,22(1):67-72

本文采用箱模型法分析三峡水库蓄水对重庆段主要一级支流回水河段富营养化的影响。结果表明,对于所预测的2010年以前的污染负荷水平,由于回水段平均水深达到15m左右,三峡水库重庆段主要支流回水段整体上不会出现富营养化现象;但对于水深小于1m的库岸附近,可能出现局部富营养化。根据日本国立公害研究所的富营养化指标的标准,当总磷(TP)浓度在0.05mg/L-0.11mg/L区间时,属于中-富营养。由于三峡水库一些支流回水段的TP浓度肯定超过0.05mg/L,虽然还达不到富营养的程度,但也已接近富营养化  相似文献   

底泥释磷及其对杭州西湖富营养化的影响   总被引：35，自引：7，他引：28  

韩伟明 《湖泊科学》1993,5(1):71-77

杭州西湖是一个小型浅水湖泊,底泥由上部藻骸腐泥和下部泥炭层构成,其显著特点是有机碳含量特别高,氮含量也相当高,而磷的富集程度相对较低。通过实验室和现场模拟研究,考察了pH值、温度、溶解氧、氧化还原电位及上覆水种类等环境因素对底泥释磷量和释磷速率的影响。上覆水pH值在6.5—7.0范围内底泥释磷量最低;在较高或较低pH值时,释磷量倍增。升高水温或降低上覆水溶解氧浓度均能加速释磷。实验室模拟西湖底泥最大释磷量为0.368μgP/g。夏季现场模拟平均释磷速率为1.02mg P/m~2·d;由此估算底泥释磷量达1.346tP/a,相当于年平均外部入湖磷负荷的36.4％。底泥释磷对西湖富营养化起着不容忽视的影响。  相似文献   

博斯腾湖水质现状(2010-2011年)及近50年来演变趋势   总被引：10，自引：7，他引：3  

谢贵娟  张建平  汤祥明  蔡永萍  高光 《湖泊科学》2011,23(6):837-846

博斯腾湖(简称博湖)6个采样点周年(2010年6月-2011年6月)水质调查分析表明,博湖水质空间差异明显,但不同样点水质月变化无一致趋势.大湖区西北角水域水质最差;开都河入湖处水质月变化幅度大,水质相对较好;中东部水域水质处于中间水平.小湖区喇嘛湖水质最好,介于Ⅰ-Ⅲ级之间;北闸附近的湖沼湿地,水质差,多为Ⅴ类和劣Ⅴ...  相似文献   

广东省高州水库春季蓝藻水华成因初步探讨   总被引：12，自引：3，他引：9  

姚玲爱  赵学敏  周广杰  完颜华  蔡立梅  胡国成  许振成 《湖泊科学》2011,23(4):534-540

高州水库为广东省茂名市重要的饮用水源地,2009年和2010年春季相继出现蓝藻水华,给居民饮水带来安全隐患.对高州水库2009年和2010年春季水华情况进行分析,结果表明:两年浮游藻类细胞密度最高分别达4.08×107 cel1s/L和1.47 x 108cells/L,其中蓝藻所占比例分别为98.2%和98.7%,优...  相似文献   

尼泊尔波哈拉谷地若干湖泊的营养状况：过去、现在与将来     

Ash Kumar Rai 《湖泊科学》1998,10(S1):181-201

Harnessing the natural resources is one of the basis of natural economy in developing countries. The wise use of such resources is very important to sustain the balance between immediate benefits and maintenance of the ecosystem. In Phewa, Begnas and Rupa lakes of Pokhara Valley, plankton feeding fish farming in net cage,enclosure and open water stocking is one of the effective example of natural resources utilisation which sustains a number of households in surrounding lakes for economic activities. These lakes are also used for drinking water, hydroelectricity, irrigation and recreation etc. However, the understanding of trophic status of the lakes is very important for long term sustainable use of the lakes in harmony with human activities. Here, we present the trophic status of three lakes of Pokhara Valley and discuss the impacts of human and natural activities on the trophic status of the lake. The study shows that heavy rain fall in the valley during monsoon is one of the strongest natural forces which flush out the accumulated nutrients from the lakes and migrate the eutrophication processes. Recommendations for sustainable use of lake water have also been discussed.  相似文献   

香港一富营养河港内的底泥耗氧和营养盐释放     

H. Chu  P. H. F. Yu  M. W. L. Cheung 《湖泊科学》1998,10(S1):275-282

Tolo Harbour has received massive discharges of municipal sewage, agricultural wastes and cottage industrial effluents, via three river systems, in the past two decades before the mid Eighties. The Harbour is almost land locked and poorly flushed. The soft sediment acted as a sink for nutrients and organic pollutants. After a decade of efforts in establishing and enforcing water pollution control legislations and upgrading wastewater treatment facilities, the sediments have turned into sources of nutrients and exert a measurable oxygen demand upon the overlying waters. In vitro measurements showed that the sediments oxygen demand (SOD) was between 17.6 and 54.3 mgo₂ · m^-2 · h^-1. The maximum rates of release of ortho-phosphate phosphorus and ammonia nitrogen were 15.0 and 206.0 mg · m^-2 · h^-1, respectively.  相似文献